Homebrew is an open-source package manager for macOS that offers an easy way to install software and tolls through the command line. If you are a coder, developer, Terminal lover, or more tech-savvy than an average Mac user, you can use Homebrew to simplify software installation on your Mac.
Homebrew lets you use commands to download and install Python, Ruby, MongoDB, PHP, Git, Node.js, cask, colordiff, Nmap, and other Unix command-line utilities. In this guide, I’ll show you how to install Homebrew in macOS Catalina or M1 Mac.
Homebrew is a package manager for OS X. Open Terminal and install Homebrew with: $ ruby -e '$ (curl -fsSkL raw.github.com/mxcl/homebrew/go)' Once the installation is successful, you can run the following command to check your environment. Automated updates for the core OS has been available for several years now on Macs, and Apple has added the ability to update automatically apps you have added from the AppStore as well. However, if you have installed open source apps with Brew, chances are that you may forget to update them regularly.
For some finer requirement details, please see the official page.
Once you satisfy the above requirements, see how to install Homebrew on macOS.
xcode-select --install
/usr/bin/ruby -e '$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install)'
brew -v
Tip: brew doctor
lets you know about Homebrew status, issues, and updates, if available or required.
Now that you have installed Homebrew, let’s see how to use it.
brew formulae
brew search packagename
brew info packagename
brew install packagename
brew install speedtest-cli
brew install --cask app-name
. For example, brew install --cask firefox
or brew install --cask google-chrome
You can see the full list here.brew list
/usr/local/Cellar
brew --prefix
in the Terminal to see the folder location.brew update packagename
brew remove packagename
man brew
At times, Homebrew is updated automatically when you run commands. But you can also update it manually by entering brew update
in the Terminal.
In case you no longer need Homebrew, run the following command to uninstall Homebrew and all the installed packages.ruby -e '$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/uninstall)'
I hope the above guide helped you download, install, and use Homebrew. Once you start using it, there is no going back. Finally, I would like to tell you about four handy command-line programs I love.
Youtube-dl
: This lets me download videos from YouTube and other places. More info.speedtest-cli
: I can see my download and upload speed via this. More info.imagemagick
: Lets me convert an image to another format and make simple edits. More info.wifi-password
: This brilliant yet straightforward command shows me the Wi-Fi password of the currently connected network. Super handy!You will also love to read:
-->In this article, you'll learn how to install .NET on macOS. .NET is made up of the runtime and the SDK. The runtime is used to run a .NET app and may or may not be included with the app. The SDK is used to create .NET apps and libraries. The .NET runtime is always installed with the SDK.
The latest version of .NET is 5.0.
The following table is a list of currently supported .NET releases and the versions of macOS they're supported on. These versions remain supported either the version of .NET reaches end-of-support.
Operating System | .NET Core 2.1 | .NET Core 3.1 | .NET 5.0 |
---|---|---|---|
macOS 11.0 'Big Sur' | ✔️ 2.1 (Release notes) | ✔️ 3.1 (Release notes) | ✔️ 5.0 (Release notes) |
macOS 10.15 'Catalina' | ✔️ 2.1 (Release notes) | ✔️ 3.1 (Release notes) | ✔️ 5.0 (Release notes) |
macOS 10.14 'Mojave' | ✔️ 2.1 (Release notes) | ✔️ 3.1 (Release notes) | ✔️ 5.0 (Release notes) |
macOS 10.13 'High Sierra' | ✔️ 2.1 (Release notes) | ✔️ 3.1 (Release notes) | ✔️ 5.0 (Release notes) |
macOS 10.12 'Sierra' | ✔️ 2.1 (Release notes) | ❌ 3.1 (Release notes) | ❌ 5.0 (Release notes) |
The following versions of .NET are ❌ no longer supported. The downloads for these still remain published:
The runtime is used to run apps created with .NET. When an app author publishes an app, they can include the runtime with their app. If they don't include the runtime, it's up to the user to install the runtime.
There are two different runtimes you can install on macOS:
ASP.NET Core runtime
Runs ASP.NET Core apps. Includes the .NET runtime.
.NET runtime
This runtime is the simplest runtime and doesn't include any other runtime. It's highly recommended that you install ASP.NET Core runtime for the best compatibility with .NET apps.
The SDK is used to build and publish .NET apps and libraries. Installing the SDK includes both runtimes: ASP.NET Core and .NET.
.NET is supported on the following macOS releases:
.NET Core Version | macOS | Architectures | More information |
---|---|---|---|
5.0 | High Sierra (10.13+) | x64 | More information |
3.1 | High Sierra (10.13+) | x64 | More information |
3.0 | High Sierra (10.13+) | x64 | More information |
2.2 | Sierra (10.12+) | x64 | More information |
2.1 | Sierra (10.12+) | x64 | More information |
Beginning with macOS Catalina (version 10.15), all software built after June 1, 2019 that is distributed with Developer ID, must be notarized. This requirement applies to the .NET runtime, .NET SDK, and software created with .NET.
The runtime and SDK installers for .NET 5.0 and .NET Core 3.1, 3.0, and 2.1, have been notarized since February 18, 2020. Prior released versions aren't notarized. If you run a non-notarized app, you'll see an error similar to the following image:
For more information about how enforced-notarization affects .NET (and your .NET apps), see Working with macOS Catalina Notarization.
.NET applications that use the System.Drawing.Common assembly require libgdiplus to be installed.
An easy way to obtain libgdiplus is by using the Homebrew ('brew') package manager for macOS. After installing brew, install libgdiplus by executing the following commands at a Terminal (command) prompt:
macOS has standalone installers that can be used to install the .NET 5.0 SDK:
As an alternative to the macOS installers for .NET, you can download and manually install the SDK and runtime. Manual install is usually performed as part of continuous integration testing. For a developer or user, it's generally better to use an installer.
If you install .NET SDK, you don't need to install the corresponding runtime. First, download a binary release for either the SDK or the runtime from one of the following sites:
Next, extract the downloaded file and use the export
command to set variables used by .NET and then ensure .NET is in PATH.
To extract the runtime and make the .NET CLI commands available at the terminal, first download a .NET binary release. Then, open a terminal and run the following commands from the directory where the file was saved. The archive file name may be different depending on what you downloaded.
Use the following commands to extract the runtime or SDK that you downloaded. Remember to change the DOTNET_FILE
value to your file name:
Tip
The preceding export
commands only make the .NET CLI commands available for the terminal session in which it was run.
You can edit your shell profile to permanently add the commands. There are a number of different shells available for Linux and each has a different profile. For example:
Edit the appropriate source file for your shell and add :$HOME/dotnet
to the end of the existing PATH
statement. If no PATH
statement is included, add a new line with export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/dotnet
.
Also, add export DOTNET_ROOT=$HOME/dotnet
to the end of the file.
This approach lets you install different versions into separate locations and choose explicitly which one to use by which application.
Visual Studio for Mac installs the .NET SDK when the .NET workload is selected. To get started with .NET development on macOS, see Install Visual Studio 2019 for Mac.
.NET SDK version | Visual Studio version |
---|---|
5.0 | Visual Studio 2019 for Mac version 8.8 or higher. |
3.1 | Visual Studio 2019 for Mac version 8.4 or higher. |
2.1 | Visual Studio 2019 for Mac version 8.0 or higher. |
Visual Studio Code is a powerful and lightweight source code editor that runs on your desktop. Visual Studio Code is available for Windows, macOS, and Linux.
While Visual Studio Code doesn't come with an automated .NET installer like Visual Studio does, adding .NET support is simple.
The dotnet-install scripts are used for automation and non-admin installs of the runtime. You can download the script from the dotnet-install script reference page.
The script defaults to installing the latest long term support (LTS) version, which is .NET Core 3.1. You can choose a specific release by specifying the current
switch. Include the runtime
switch to install a runtime. Otherwise, the script installs the SDK.
Note
The previous command installs the ASP.NET Core runtime for maximum compatability. The ASP.NET Core runtime also includes the standard .NET runtime.
Containers provide a lightweight way to isolate your application from the rest of the host system. Containers on the same machine share just the kernel and use resources given to your application.
.NET can run in a Docker container. Official .NET Docker images are published to the Microsoft Container Registry (MCR) and are discoverable at the Microsoft .NET Core Docker Hub repository. Each repository contains images for different combinations of the .NET (SDK or Runtime) and OS that you can use.
Microsoft provides images that are tailored for specific scenarios. For example, the ASP.NET Core repository provides images that are built for running ASP.NET Core apps in production.
For more information about using .NET Core in a Docker container, see Introduction to .NET and Docker and Samples.